【摘 要】过去几十年里，中国出现了大量有关归侨(归国华侨)的研究，这些文献促进和拓展了归侨领域的研究。然而，根深蒂固的男性偏见倾向于忽略移民过程中的性别本质，以单一的男性或爱国视角来简单框定华侨女性的归国。为填补这一空白，本文探讨了20世纪50年代从印尼“回归”的华侨女性背后的性别动机。本文将性别视为“移民流动和移民生活组织的核心组织原则”,基于访谈和档案研究，指出在毛泽东时代华侨女性的“回归”与后殖民时期女性主义想象密切相关，或者更具体地说，是在跨国语境下通过国籍和族裔身份，对“女性解放”的向往。此外，女性归侨自愿移民且事业有成的经历挑战了过去对中国女性归侨依赖他人回迁的错误观念。本文从历史视角为中国移民的强势男性中心话语提供了反叙述。
【关键词】憧憬;归国华侨;中国;印度尼西亚;性别;女性
Abstract:The past decades have witnessed a burgeoning literature on guiqiao(Returned Overseas Chinese)in the People's Republic of China.These works have advanced and broadened research in this field;however,there is a persistent male bias that tends to ignore the gendered nature of migration processes or simplistically frame the return migration of women through a monolithic masculine/patriotic lens.To fill this gap,this paper looks at gendered motivations behind the'return’of Chinese women from Indonesia in the 1950s.Seeing gender as‘a central organizing principle in migration flows and in the organization of migrants lives'and drawing upon interviews and archival studies,it suggests that the'retum’of Chinese women to Maoist China was closely associated with postcolonial feminist imagination,or more specifically,a longing for‘emancipated womanhood’,in a transnational context mediated by citizenship and ethnicity.In addition,the experiences of female guiqiao as voluntary migrants and successful careerists challenge the (mis)conception of Chinese women migrants as trailing dependents,adding a counter narrative to the overarching androcentric discourse about Chinese migration from a historical perspective
Keywords:desire, retumed overseas Chinese, China, Indonesia,gender, women
编辑|许韩芃
初审|陈小琰
复审|任 娜
终审|代 帆
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